In-vacuum CCD
Direct-detection CCD imaging for VUV, EUV and X-ray experiments, with the complete detector operating inside the vacuum chamber.
Representative manufacturer photograph; housing and connectors depend on the selected configuration. Select the photograph to enlarge.
From photon to signal
Select the sensor coating for the actual wavelength or photon energy. The plots below preserve the manufacturer’s axes, legends and response conditions.
Select a figure to inspect the original axes, legend and curves.
Original manufacturer curves for the sensor and coating codes shown in the legend. Match the selected code to the performance matrix; the curves are reference response data, not a guaranteed value at every wavelength. The direct-detection plots retain photon-energy and wavelength axes. The separate silicon electron–hole-pair plot is not a QE curve.
The details behind the selection
Compare sensor configurations, coating options, operating limits and integration details directly below. Check the operating mode and temperature alongside each performance value.
| LOTTEi Series | LOTTEi 1k1k | LOTTEi 2k2k | LOTTEi 2k2k plus | LOTTEi 4k4k | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sensor code | FI BI BI UV1 | BI DD | FI BI | BI DD BI UV1 | BI | BI | BI DD BI UV1 |
| Usable pixels (columns x rows) | 1024 x 1024 (FI) 1056 x 1027 (others) | 2048 x 2052 | 2048 x 2064 | 4096 x 4112 | |||
| Active image area | 13.3 mm x 13.3 mm | 27.6 mm x 27.6 mm | 30.7 mm x 30.7 mm | 61.4 mm x 61.4 mm | |||
| Pixel size | 13 µm x 13 µm | 13.5 µm x 13.5 µm | 15 µm x 15 µm | 15 µm x 15 µm | |||
| CCD sensor cooling | -100°C to 20°C | -80°C to 20°C | -80°C to 20°C | -80°C to 20°C | |||
| Full well capacity | 100 ke- | 120 ke- | 100 ke- | 150 ke- | 150 ke- | 150 ke- | 350 ke- |
| Register well capacity | 400 ke- | 400 ke- | 600 ke- | - | - | - | |
| Output node capacity | - | - | - | 900 ke- | 900 ke- | 600 ke- | |
| Typical read noise (e-) @ 50 kHz | 2.8 | 3.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 2.8 | ||
| Typical read noise (e-) @ 1 MHz | 6.4 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 5.8 | ||
| Typical read noise (e-) @ 3 MHz | 10.9 | 13.6 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 10.4 | ||
| Typical Dark Current (e-/pixels/s) | 0.0003 @ -80°C | 0.015 @ -80°C | 0.0003 @ -80°C | 0.015 @ -80°C | 0.0001 @ -80°C | 0.0001 @ -80°C | 0.006 @ -80°C |
| Standard Mode gain (counts/e-) | 1 | 1 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1 | ||
| High Capacity Mode gain (counts/e-) | - | 0.34 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.34 | ||
| CCD sensor type | Front-illuminated (FI), Back-illuminated (BI), Deep depletion fringe suppression (DD), Enhanced back-illuminated (BI UV1) | ||||||
| Blemish specifications | Grade 0 or Grade 1 (standard) as specified by sensor manufacturer. | ||||||
Compare performance at the stated readout frequency or acquisition mode, sensor temperature and coating. A dash does not mean zero.
| Parameter | Published specification |
|---|---|
| Pixel readout frequency | 50/100/250/500 kHz, 1 MHz, 3 MHz (5 MHz for visualisation mode; up to 20 MHz by multi-output) |
| Readout modes | 2 output nodes for 1k1k & 2k2k cameras, 4 output nodes for 2k2k plus & 4k4k cameras |
| AD converter resolution | 18-bit |
| Linearity | Better than 99% |
| CCD epitaxial thickness | 15 µm standard, 40 µm for deep depletion (DD) models |
| Feedthrough flange | CF DN100 flange with D-sub electrical feedthrough connectors and 6 mm liquid feedthrough tubes (airside: G 1/4 fitting female; vacuum side: VCR 1/4 fitting female) |
| Vacuum compatibility | 10⁻⁹ mbar (UHV capability) |
| Bakeout temperature | Max. +80°C |
| Flange - focal place | 1k1k camera: 6 mm; 2k2k, 2k2k plus & 4k4k cameras: 5mm (all distances can be customised) |
| Temperature monitoring | Two thermistors at CCD sensor and thermoelectric cooler (hot side) |
| Data link | Gigabit Ethernet |
| Software | greateyes Vision software for Windows 11 |
| SDK and drivers | DLL for Windows; LabVIEW, EPICS, Linux, Python, Tango driver (optional) |
| TTL interface signals | 1 Exposure out, 1 Trigger in |
| Power supply | 1k1k & 2k2k: 80-264 VAC (typ. 115/230), 47-63 Hz (typ. 50/60), max. 1.1 A (230 V) / 1.9 A (115 V) 2k2k plus & 4k4k: 85-264 VAC (typ. 115/230), 47-63 Hz (typ. 50/60), max. 1.9 A (230 V) / 3.8 A (115 V) |
| Certification | CE |
| Dimensions (W x H x L) | rc version: 98 x 90 x 235 mm / 98 x 90 x 236 mm (4k4k cameras) sc version: 90 x 127 x 189 mm / 94 x 127 x 190 mm (4k4k cameras) |
| Weight | rc version: 4.4 kg / 5.2 kg (4k4k cameras); sc version: 4.6 kg / 5.3 kg (4k4k cameras) |
| Parameter | Published specification |
|---|---|
| Image area | 13.3 mm × 13.3 mm |
| Pixel format | 1024 × 1024 (FI) / 1056 × 1027 (others) pixels |
| Pixel size | 13 µm × 13 µm |
| CCD sensor cooling | Min. -100°C to 20°C, liquid cooling |
| Distance flange - focal plane | 6 mm |
| Dimensions (W x H x L) | rc version: 9.8 × 9.0 × 23.5 cm / sc version: 9.0 × 12.7 × 18.9 cm |
| Weight | rc version: 4.4 kg / sc version: 4.6 kg |
| Parameter | Published specification |
|---|---|
| Image area | 27.6 mm × 27.6 mm |
| Pixel format | 2048 × 2052 pixels |
| Pixel size | 13.5 µm × 13.5 µm |
| CCD sensor cooling | Min. -80°C to 20°C, liquid cooling |
| Distance flange - focal plane | 5 mm |
| Dimensions (W x H x L) | rc version: 9.8 × 9.0 × 23.5 cm / sc version: 9.0 × 12.7 × 18.9 cm |
| Weight | rc version: 4.4 kg / sc version: 4.6 kg |
| Parameter | Published specification |
|---|---|
| Image area | 30.7 mm × 30.7 mm |
| Pixel format | 2048 × 2064 pixels |
| Pixel size | 15 µm × 15 µm |
| CCD sensor cooling | Min. -80°C to 20°C, liquid cooling |
| Distance flange - focal plane | 5 mm |
| Dimensions (W x H x L) | rc version: 9.8 × 9.0 × 23.5 cm / sc version: 9.0 × 12.7 × 18.9 cm |
| Weight | rc version: 4.4 kg / sc version: 4.6 kg |
| Parameter | Published specification |
|---|---|
| Image area | 61.4 mm × 61.4 mm |
| Pixel format | 4096 × 4096 pixels |
| Pixel size | 15 μm × 15 μm |
| CCD sensor cooling | Min. -80°C to 20°C, forced air or liquid cooling |
| Distance flange - focal plane | 5 mm |
| Dimensions (W x H x L) | rc version: 9.8 × 9.0 × 23.6 cm / sc version: 9.4 × 12.7 × 19.0 cm |
| Weight | rc version: 5.2 kg / sc version: 5.3 kg |
| Parameter | Published specification |
|---|---|
| rc version | Compact diameter; body fits into a 6-inch tube. Electrical and water connections on the rear. |
| sc version | Camera length 189 mm; electrical and water connections on the bottom. |
| Order code | Included equipment | Order code | Included equipment |
|---|---|---|---|
| GE-InFI02 | CF DN100 flange with electical and liquid feedthroughs | ||
| GE-VacP01 | 2x in-vacuum hoses for cooling | GE-GigE10m | 10 m Ethernet cable |
| GE-VacCab | 2x in-vacuum PTFE D-sub cables | GE-StoB2m | 2 m SMB to BNC connection cable x2 |
| GE-VI01 | greateyes Vision software suite for Windows | GE-POW01 | Camera power supply with cabling |
| GE-SDK01 | SDK for Windows (C/C++ based) | GE-ManCam | Camera instruction manual |
| Order Code | Description |
|---|---|
| Accessories for Imaging Purposes | |
| LO-SR25 25 mm in-vacuum shutter for 1k1k camera, including shutter driver module | |
| LO-SR45 45 mm in-vacuum shutter for 2k2k & 2k2k plus cameras, including shutter driver module | |
| Accessories for Cooling Performance (LOTTE series can only be cooled by liquid cooling) | |
| GE-CR01 | Compact liquid cooling, circulating the coolant at room temperature for deep camera cooling |
| GE-CR02 | Recirculating water chiller, PID control with temp. from -5°C to 30°C for ultra-deep camera cooling |
| GE-VacP01 | 2x in-vacuum hoses, formed bellow 1/4", VCR male/female, 305 mm (standard accessory) |
| GE-VacP02 | 2x in-vacuum hoses, formed bellow 1/4", VCR male/female, 1200 mm (upon request) |
| Software Development Kit (SDK) and Drivers | |
Plan the integration
Enlarge the mounting, connector and camera-outline drawings. Dimensions and model dependencies are retained.
Manufacturer drawing in the original units. Camera body, sensor location, ports and flange depend on the selected format and housing; use the model dimensions table to confirm the configuration.
Build your enquiry
Choose a published configuration, add the integration topics you want to discuss, and keep the exact model in your enquiry.
| Configuration | Pixels | Pitch / input | Cooling / acquisition | Read noise |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1024 × 1024 | 13 µm 13.3 × 13.3 mm | -100°C to +20°C | 2.8 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 1056 × 1027 | 13 µm 13.3 × 13.3 mm | -100°C to +20°C | 2.8 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 1056 × 1027 | 13 µm 13.3 × 13.3 mm | -100°C to +20°C | 2.8 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 1056 × 1027 | 13 µm 13.3 × 13.3 mm | -100°C to +20°C | 2.8 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 2048 × 2052 | 13.5 µm 27.6 × 27.6 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 3.4 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 2048 × 2052 | 13.5 µm 27.6 × 27.6 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 3.4 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 2048 × 2052 | 13.5 µm 27.6 × 27.6 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 3.4 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 2048 × 2052 | 13.5 µm 27.6 × 27.6 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 3.4 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 2048 × 2064 | 15 µm 30.7 × 30.7 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 4.6 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 4096 × 4112 | 15 µm 61.4 × 61.4 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 4.6 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 4096 × 4112 | 15 µm 61.4 × 61.4 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 2.8 e− @ 50 kHz | |
| 4096 × 4112 | 15 µm 61.4 × 61.4 mm | -80°C to +20°C | 2.8 e− @ 50 kHz |
Cooling limits depend on the selected sensor, ambient conditions and cooling arrangement. Read noise values are typical at the specified pixel-readout frequency; they are not frame rates.
Technical overview
Direct-detection CCD imaging for VUV, EUV and X-ray experiments, with the complete detector operating inside the vacuum chamber.
| Detector | Full-frame scientific CCD |
|---|---|
| Digitization | 18-bit |
| Data interfaces | Gigabit Ethernet |
| Environment | In-vacuum; liquid cooling required |
| Sensor choices | Front-illuminated, back-illuminated and deep-depletion options; model dependent |
Explore the wider range
6 product ranges · 28 camera configurations
Direct-detection CCD imaging for VUV, EUV and X-ray experiments, with a vacuum flange interface to the experiment.
Direct-detection CCD spectroscopy for VUV, EUV and X-ray experiments, with a vacuum flange interface to the experiment.
Direct-detection CCD spectroscopy for VUV, EUV and X-ray experiments, with the complete detector operating inside the vacuum chamber.
Back-illuminated sCMOS direct detection for experiments that need higher acquisition rates alongside deep cooling.
Representative equipment; the complete configuration depends on your application.
Adapt sensor position, cooling, vacuum mechanics or readout to the geometry of your experiment.
Representative equipment; the complete configuration depends on your application.
A modular scientific imaging platform for mission-specific space instruments, developed with XCAM Scientific.